- LDL cholesterol - the "bad" cholesterol that can build up in your arteries
- HDL cholesterol - the "good" cholesterol that helps remove LDL cholesterol from your arteries
What do cholesterol level numbers mean? Cholesterol levels are measured in milligrams (mg) of cholesterol per deciliter (dL) of blood. Recommended levels from the American Heart Association are:
- Total cholesterol: less than 200 mg/dL
- LDL cholesterol: less than 100 mg/dL
- HDL cholesterol: 60 mg/dL or higher
What causes high cholesterol? High cholesterol is usually caused by lifestyle factors like:
- Eating a diet high in saturated and trans fats
- Being overweight
- Not exercising enough
Other potential causes are family history, age, and other conditions like diabetes or kidney disease.
What are the risks of high cholesterol? Over time, high LDL cholesterol can slowly build up in the inner walls of your arteries. This plaque narrows your arteries and makes them less flexible. If a blood clot forms, it can suddenly block blood flow and cause a heart attack or stroke.
How can I lower my cholesterol? Here are 10 ways to help lower your cholesterol levels:
- Follow a heart-healthy eating plan that is low in saturated and trans fats
- Eat lots of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, beans, nuts, and seeds
- Reach and maintain a healthy body weight
- Get moving with regular physical activity
- Take cholesterol medications as prescribed if needed
- Don't smoke and avoid secondhand smoke
- Limit alcohol intake
- Reduce stress as much as possible
- Get enough sleep
- Schedule regular doctor checkups
In summary, high cholesterol, especially "bad" LDL cholesterol, raises your risk for heart disease over time. By making lifestyle changes and monitoring your levels, you can help maintain healthy cholesterol numbers. Let me know if you have any other questions!